massless's Usage Examples:

The existence of the fixed point was first reported in 1974 by Belavin and Migdal and by Caswell, and later used by Banks and Zaks in their analysis of the phase structure of vector-like gauge theories with massless fermions.

When a continuous symmetry is spontaneously broken, massless bosons appear, corresponding to the remaining symmetry.

The massless Thirring model.

The original motivation behind the ultraboost was to consider the gravitational field of massless point particles within general relativity.

model (massive or massless) verify the Osterwalder-Schrader axioms, and hence the theory makes sense as a quantum field theory.

The two known massless particles are both gauge bosons:.

A particle whose rest mass is zero is called massless.

In this case:E pcWhen substituted into Ev"nbsp;"nbsp;c2p, this gives v"nbsp;"nbsp;c: massless particles (such as photons) always travel at the speed of light.

output of an audio amplifier, plasma speakers vary the size of a plasma glow discharge, corona discharge or electric arc which then acts as a massless radiating.

Atwood machine consists of two objects of mass m1 and m2, connected by an inextensible massless string over an ideal massless pulley.

rid of the massless “gluon” states at long distances.

massless particles and field perturbations travel in vacuum, including electromagnetic radiation (of which light is a small range in the frequency spectrum).

These states are:The massive neutral (Z) boson:Z \cos \theta_{\rm W} W_3 - \sin \theta_{\rm W} BThe massless neutral boson:A \sin \theta_{\rm W} W_3 + \cos \theta_{\rm W} BThe massive charged W bosons:W^{\pm} \frac1{\sqrt2}\left(W_1 \mp i W_2\right)where is the Weinberg angle.