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Most tonometers are calibrated to measure pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

The Maklakoff tonometer was an early example of this method, while the Goldmann tonometer is the most widely used version in current practice.

A special disinfected prism is mounted on the tonometer head and then placed against the cornea.

The force applied to the tonometer head is then adjusted using a dial connected to a variable tension spring until the inner edges of the green semicircles in the viewfinder meet.

The Perkins tonometer is a type of portable applanation tonometer, which may be useful in children, anesthetised patients who need to lie flat, or patients unable to co-operate with a sitting slit lamp examination, that yields clinical results comparable to the Goldmann.

The tonometer tip rests on the cornea with a constant appositional force of one gram.

When the sensor is subjected to a change in pressure, the electrical resistance is altered and the tonometer's computer calculates a change in pressure according to the change in resistance.

Electronic indentation tonometers are modified Mackay-Marg tonometers that use a free floating transducer to detect the transmitted pressure.

Portable electronic tonometers also play a major role in veterinary tonometry.

Rebound tonometers determine intraocular pressure by bouncing a small plastic tipped metal probe against the cornea.

A pneumatonometer utilizes a pneumatic sensor (consisting of a piston floating on an air bearing).

The Schiøtz tonometer is the most common device to use this principle.

The Diaton non-corneal tonometer calculates pressure by measuring the response of a free-falling rod, as it rebounds against the tarsal plate of the eyelid through the sclera.