ज़ैंथीन इसके अंग्रेजी अर्थ का उदाहरण

In purine catabolism, xanthine is first converted to urate.

In a mouse model, as compared to caffeine, paraxanthine produced more potent wake-promoting effects, did not enhance anxiety, did not induce hypothermia, and did not result in sleep rebound.

In in vitro cell culture studies, paraxanthine is reported to be less harmful than caffeine and the least harmful of the caffeine-derived metabolites in terms of hepatocyte toxicity.

Paraxanthine is not known to be produced by plants and is only observed in nature as a metabolite of caffeine in animals and some species of bacteria.

In humans, a 2"nbsp;mg/kg dose of caffeine, but not paraxanthine, resulted in significantly higher plasma adrenaline levels as compared to the control, placebo group; at higher dosages, however, paraxanthine also increased plasma adrenaline.

After formation, paraxanthine can be broken down to 7-methylxanthine by demethylation of the N1 position, which is subsequently demethylated into xanthine or oxidized by CYP2A6 and CYP1A2 into 1,7-dimethyluric acid.

A mouse study on the potentiating effects of methylxanthines coadministered with mitoycin C on teratogenicity reported the incidence of birth defects for caffeine, theophylline, and paraxanthine to be 94.

After intake, roughly 84% of caffeine is demethylated at the 3-position to yield paraxanthine, making it the primary metabolite of caffeine in humans.

Paraxanthine is also a major metabolite of caffeine in humans and other animals, such as mice.

xanthine dehydrogenase, an enzyme The Bishop of Elmham is an episcopal title which was first used by an Anglo-Saxon bishop between the 7th and 11th centuries and is currently used by the Roman Catholic Church for a titular see.

Mouse studies also report paraxanthine, as compared to caffeine, result in a lower anxiogenic response.

There is evidence paraxanthine is less anxiogenic than caffeine.

Paraxanthine was also reported to result in stronger locomotor activation than caffeine and the other major caffeine metabolites, theophylline and theobromine.