ग्लुओं इसके अंग्रेजी अर्थ का उदाहरण

where g_s is the coupling constant of the strong interaction, G is the gluon gauge field, for eight different gluons \alpha1 \dots 8, and where \lambda_\alpha is one of the eight Gell-Mann matrices.

For quarks, the representation is the fundamental representation, for gluons, the representation is the adjoint representation.

Its primary purpose is to better understand the nature of confinement in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) by identifying a spectrum of hybrid and exotic mesons generated by the excitation of the gluonic field binding the quarks.

Hybrid mesons, and in particular exotic hybrid mesons, provide the ideal laboratory for testing QCD in the confinement regime since these mesons explicitly manifest the gluonic degrees of freedom.

That is, identified intermediate states with quantum numbers permitted by the quark model may be "hybrids" that contain gluonic excitation, and can be established as such if their number and pattern of mass distribution are not explained within the simple quark model.

States with quantum numbers that are strictly forbidden by the naive quark model are said to be "exotic" and, if found experimentally, immediately demonstrate gluonic excitation.

Also in 1976, he published two papers suggesting techniques for finding the gluon in annihilations.

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interaction, in which quarks and gluons interact through a quantum property, analogous to electric charge for electromagnetism, called "color.

" QCD makes quantitative predictions for the production of jets (collimated sprays of particles evolved from scattered quarks or gluons), photons and W or Z bosons.

This occurs when single quarks carry more than half of the energy of their parent proton or antiproton, despite the fact that the proton and antiproton are typically built from dozens of quarks and gluons.

In a series of publications in which two pairs of jets or photons stemming from two independent scatterings of quarks and gluons within a single proton-antiproton encounter were observed, the pattern of these rates indicated that the spatial extent of gluons within the proton is smaller than that for quarks.

These were surrounded by a second shell consisting of calorimeters that measured the energy of electrons, photons, and hadrons and identified "jets" of particles arising from scattered quarks and gluons.

A primary task for the calorimetry is identification of jets, the sprays of particles created as quarks and gluons escape from their collision point.