कारगर-सिद्धांत इसके अंग्रेजी अर्थ का उदाहरण

The name "topological order" is motivated by the low energy effective theory of the chiral spin states which is a topological quantum field theory (TQFT).

He has since worked on several different areas of physics including composite Higgs models, [quark effective theory], dimensional deconstruction, little Higgs, and unparticle theories.

2001 Nathan Isgur, Mikhail Voloshin, Mark Wise: "For the construction of the [quark effective theory|heavy quark mass expansion] and the discovery of the heavy quark symmetry in quantum chromodynamics, which led to a quantitative theory of the decays of c and b flavored hadrons".

The resulting effective theory of baryon bound states of QCD (which describes protons and neutrons), then, has mass terms for these, disallowed by the original linear realization of the chiral symmetry, but allowed by the spontaneously broken nonlinear realization thus achieved as a result of the strong interactions.

Writing down an effective theory for the excitations of a given phase, and using it to calculate the physical properties of that phase.